{"id":81,"date":"2025-11-18T17:07:27","date_gmt":"2025-11-18T15:07:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/?page_id=81"},"modified":"2026-05-14T18:10:41","modified_gmt":"2026-05-14T16:10:41","slug":"greenhouse-gas-monitoring","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/greenhouse-gas-monitoring\/","title":{"rendered":"Greenhouse Gas Monitoring"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Monitoring Network of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (AMB)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:28% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"446\" height=\"446\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/Logo-AMB-GHG-Network.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-127 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/Logo-AMB-GHG-Network.png 446w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/Logo-AMB-GHG-Network-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/Logo-AMB-GHG-Network-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 446px) 100vw, 446px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We are currently in the process of implementing a GHG monitoring network of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (AMB), consisting of online-gas analyzers (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.picarro.com\/g2301_gas_concentration_analyzer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Picarro<\/a> analyzer G-2301 and G-2401) to measure the concentrations of CO<sub>2<\/sub> (carbon dioxide), CH<sub>4<\/sub> (methane), and CO (carbon monoxide). The network is designed to include the various land uses of the AMB to capture the heterogeneity of the city.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-video\"><video height=\"720\" style=\"aspect-ratio: 1280 \/ 720;\" width=\"1280\" controls src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2026\/04\/BCN-GHG-Dashboard-2min_VERYLOW.mp4\"><\/video><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Currently, five stations are up and running: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>ICTA<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Close to densely-used highway <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lat: 41.4976\u00baN \/ Lon: 2.1089\u00baE \/ Altitude: 147 m asl \/ Sampling heights: 15 m agl<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Operational since 05\/2021<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This station is located on the campus of the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), on the rooftop of the Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), 2 km downwind from the Collserola range, at the Vall\u00e8s Occidental valley and 13km west of the Mediterraean Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CO<sub>2<\/sub> concentrations for this location currently range between 430 ppm (middle of the day) to 470 ppm during the weekend and more than 550 ppm during week days (night and early morning).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/citydata.icos-cp.eu\/portal\/#%7B%22route%22%3A%22preview%22%2C%22preview%22%3A%5B%22jOIEZrW6TcPE7ckgRa8dbhlc%22%5D%2C%22previewSettings%22%3A%7B%22x%22%3A%22TIMESTAMP%22%2C%22y%22%3A%22co2%22%2C%22y2%22%3A%22ch4%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22scatter%22%2C%22legendLabels%22%3A%22ICTA%2015%20m%20Level%202%22%2C%22legendLabelsY2%22%3A%22ICTA%2015%20m%20Level%202%22%2C%22linking%22%3A%22overlap%22%7D%7D\">Preview and download data from this station (external link)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"585\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ictauab-1024x585.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-94\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ictauab-1024x585.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ictauab-300x171.jpg 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ictauab-768x439.jpg 768w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ictauab-1536x877.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ictauab-1200x685.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ictauab-1980x1131.jpg 1980w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ictauab.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>ICTA-UAB building<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-mamaduka-toggles wp-block-toggles\"><summary><strong><em>Windroses<\/em><\/strong><\/summary><div class=\"wp-block-toggles__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Albeit the station is in the midst of a highly green, low-density campus, it is located between two of the most frequented motorways in Catalonia, the AP7 and C58. SW component winds are predominant, making up 45% of the daily wind observations recorded at the Automatic Weather Station&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteo.cat\/observacions\/xema\/dades?codi=XV&amp;dia=2022-11-21T20:00Z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Sant Cugat del Vall\u00e8s &#8211; CAR<\/strong><\/a>, located 3km south-west of the ICTA station. Wind speeds are typically higher than the rest of the AMB, ranging between wind 6 to 18.4 m\/s , even when the wind blows from the NE and NW.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"750\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICTA-DAY-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-104\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICTA-DAY-2.png 750w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICTA-DAY-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICTA-DAY-2-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daytime: <em>8am to 8pm<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"750\" height=\"750\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICTA-NIGHT-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-105\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICTA-NIGHT-2.png 750w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICTA-NIGHT-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICTA-NIGHT-2-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nighttime: <em>&nbsp;8pm to 8am<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The sampling period of this windrose is the whole year 2020. The weather station is in&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteo.cat\/observacions\/xema\/dades?codi=XV&amp;dia=2022-11-21T20:00Z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Sant Cugat del Vall\u00e8s<\/em><\/a><em>, 3km south-west of the ICTA station.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>IDAEA<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Urban park amidst highly built area<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lat: 41.3874\u00b0N \/ Lon: 2.1145\u00b0E \/ Altitude: 80 m asl \/ Sampling heights: 4 m agl<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Operational since 9\/2021<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This station is located within urban green parks (Pedralbes Park and Cervantes Park) and is 1 km east of the Collserola range, but it is also surrounded by heavily constructed area made up by university campuses, residences, and businesses. It is near one of the busiest streets of Barcelona (Avinguda Diagonal), with four lanes in each traffic direction, heavily transited at all hours of the day and one of the most important accesses into the city from the southwest. It is located 5km inland from the Port of Barcelona.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Currently, CO<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;concentrations for IDAEA range between 420 ppm to more than 450 ppm. The maximum value registered is 580 ppm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/citydata.icos-cp.eu\/portal\/#%7B%22route%22%3A%22preview%22%2C%22preview%22%3A%5B%22XpilXfp9DLu8fDNxVbpiEWrz%22%5D%2C%22previewSettings%22%3A%7B%22x%22%3A%22TIMESTAMP%22%2C%22y%22%3A%22co2%22%2C%22y2%22%3A%22ch4%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22scatter%22%2C%22legendLabels%22%3A%22IDAEA%2040%20m%20Level%202%22%2C%22legendLabelsY2%22%3A%22IDAEA%2040%20m%20Level%202%22%2C%22linking%22%3A%22overlap%22%7D%7D\">Preview and download data from this station (external link)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"379\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/IDAEA.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-108\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/IDAEA.png 886w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/IDAEA-300x128.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/IDAEA-768x329.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA)&nbsp;building<\/em><br><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-mamaduka-toggles wp-block-toggles\"><summary><em><strong><em>Windroses<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/summary><div class=\"wp-block-toggles__content\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At night, NW wind component normally predominates. According to the Automatic Weather Station&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteo.cat\/observacions\/xema\/dades?codi=X8&amp;dia=2022-11-21T20:00Z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Barcelona &#8211; Zona Universit\u00e0ria<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp; which is 400 meters away, 43% of all night observations of the year 2020 were characterized by NW winds. During the day there is a more evenly distributed wind direction along the cardinal points (between 10-20% of 2020 day observations in all directions except the N wind components with around 5%) . During the day, the maximum wind speed is 11 m\/s and the wind directions with high wind speeds are NE and NW. At night, the wind speeds decrease below 4 m\/s and, most times are between 0 and 2 m\/s.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-IDAEA-DAY-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-112\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-IDAEA-DAY-1.png 480w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-IDAEA-DAY-1-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-IDAEA-DAY-1-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daytime: 8am to 8pm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-IDAEA-NIGHT-2.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-113\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-IDAEA-NIGHT-2.png 480w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-IDAEA-NIGHT-2-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-IDAEA-NIGHT-2-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nighttime: 8pm to 8am<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The sampling period of this windrose is the whole year 2020. The weather station is in&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteo.cat\/observacions\/xema\/dades?codi=X8&amp;dia=2022-11-21T20:00Z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em><strong>Zona Universitaria<\/strong><\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/details>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"isPasted\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>ICM<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Urban coastline (Instituto de Ciencias del Mar- CSIC)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lat: 41.3851\u00b0N \/ Lon: 2.1959\u00b0E \/&nbsp;Altitude: 8 m asl \/ Sampling heights: 15 m agl<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Operational since 11\/2022<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This station is located in one of the densest areas of Barcelona (Barceloneta) and is characterized by high density of buildings and no urban green. On the east side, however, the station faces the Mediterranean Sea.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/citydata.icos-cp.eu\/portal\/#%7B%22route%22%3A%22preview%22%2C%22preview%22%3A%5B%22pILg3MYhzlrgO34HBSrVsZtc%22%5D%2C%22previewSettings%22%3A%7B%22x%22%3A%22TIMESTAMP%22%2C%22y%22%3A%22co2%22%2C%22y2%22%3A%22ch4%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22scatter%22%2C%22legendLabels%22%3A%22ICM%2015%20m%20Level%202%22%2C%22legendLabelsY2%22%3A%22ICM%2015%20m%20Level%202%22%2C%22linking%22%3A%22overlap%22%7D%7D\">preview and download data from this station (external link)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"461\" height=\"1024\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ICM-461x1024.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-116\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ICM-461x1024.jpeg 461w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ICM-135x300.jpeg 135w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ICM-768x1707.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ICM-691x1536.jpeg 691w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/ICM.jpeg 900w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 461px) 100vw, 461px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Station at the Institut de Ci\u00e8ncies del Mar (ICM) building<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong><em>Windroses<\/em><\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During the daytime, S and ESE wind components dominate most of the time according to the Davis weather station set up right next to the gas inlet of the measurement station (26% of the days of 2020 the wind was blowing from these directions), together with components between W and NW (15% of the observations). At night, the wind is mainly from NW.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICM-DAY.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-117\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICM-DAY.png 480w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICM-DAY-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICM-DAY-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daytime: 8am to 8pm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICM-NIGJT.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-118\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICM-NIGJT.png 480w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICM-NIGJT-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/wind-rosa-ICM-NIGJT-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nighttime: 8 pm to 8 am<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The sampling period of this windrose is the whole year 2020 and data observations of the night hours are from 8pm to 8am. The weather station is in the Institut de Ci\u00e8ncies del Mar (ICM).<\/em><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>FABRA<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Collserola forest <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lat: 41.4183\u00b0N \/ Lon: 2.1242\u00b0E&nbsp;\/ Altitude: 415 m asl \/ Sampling heights: 15 m agl<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Operational since 2\/2022<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The station is located on the eastern end of the Collserola mountain range, the highest point in the AMB. It is characterized by dense forest and lies 7km west of the sea. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Currently, daily CO<sub>2<\/sub>&nbsp;concentrations in this location range between 405 ppm (morning, background concentration) to more than 450 ppm (in the afternoon, typical anthropogenic signal). The maximum value recorded is 520 ppm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/citydata.icos-cp.eu\/portal\/#%7B%22route%22%3A%22preview%22%2C%22preview%22%3A%5B%223TBjiXkxlTOr8f71gAzgKiW8%22%5D%2C%22previewSettings%22%3A%7B%22x%22%3A%22TIMESTAMP%22%2C%22y%22%3A%22co2%22%2C%22y2%22%3A%22ch4%22%2C%22type%22%3A%22scatter%22%2C%22legendLabels%22%3A%22Fabra%2015%20m%20Level%202%22%2C%22legendLabelsY2%22%3A%22Fabra%2015%20m%20Level%202%22%2C%22linking%22%3A%22overlap%22%7D%7D\">Preview and download data from this station (external link)<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"886\" height=\"591\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-123\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA.png 886w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 886px) 100vw, 886px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Observatori Fabra building<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary><strong><em>Windroses<\/em><\/strong><\/summary>\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Typically, westerly winds dominate during the night to early morning hours sweeping over the forest mass of Collserola, thus providing a sound background measurement at least during those hours because most of the anthropogenic activity of the city lies to the east. The daily wind observations of 2020 collected from the Automatic Weather Station<a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteo.cat\/observacions\/xema\/dades?codi=D5&amp;dia=2022-11-21T20:00Z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>&nbsp;Barcelona &#8211; Observatori Fabra<\/strong><\/a>&nbsp;just 20 meters away indicate that westerly winds are present 60% of the time during the night to early morning hours, and frequently with high wind speeds from 6 to 15.9 m\/s. During the day, the westerly winds decrease, and the SW wind component dominates (45% of the 2020 daily observations). &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-8f761849 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-DAY.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-124\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-DAY.png 480w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-DAY-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-DAY-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Daytime: 8am to 8pm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"480\" height=\"480\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-NIGHT.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-125\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-NIGHT.png 480w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-NIGHT-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/11\/FABRA-NIGHT-150x150.png 150w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 480px) 100vw, 480px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Nighttime: 8pm to 8am<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>The sampling period of this windrose is the whole year 2020. The weather station is in&nbsp;<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meteo.cat\/observacions\/xema\/dades?codi=D5&amp;dia=2022-11-21T20:00Z\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em><strong>Observatori Fabra<\/strong><\/em><\/a><em>.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<\/details>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<details class=\"wp-block-details is-layout-flow wp-block-details-is-layout-flow\"><summary>UPC-Agropolis<\/summary>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Agriculture\/Airport (Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya UPC &#8211; Agropolis)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lat: 41.2885\u00b0N \/ Lon: 2.0451\u00b0E \/&nbsp;Altitude: 3 m asl \/ Sampling heights: 8 m agl<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Operational since 17\/11\/2025<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The station is located in the municipality of Viladecans, surrounded by one of the largest horticultural production areas in Catalonia (the Agrarian Park of Baix Llobregat). It lies about 1 km east (straight line) of Barcelona\u2013El Prat Airport, 8 km from the port, and roughly 15 km northeast of the centre of Barcelona. The seashore is about 2 km to the south.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The datasets from this site will become available in 2026.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"900\" height=\"675\" fetchpriority=\"low\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/12\/image.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-189\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/12\/image.png 900w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/12\/image-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/692\/2025\/12\/image-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">UPC-Agropolis building. Image borrowed from: <a href=\"https:\/\/ecpa2025.upc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/agropolis-upc.jpg\">https:\/\/ecpa2025.upc.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/agropolis-upc.jpg<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n<\/details>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons alignwide is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe48e5de wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.icos-cp.eu\/projects\/icos-cities\">visit icos cITIES PORTAL<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-text-align-center wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/citydata.icos-cp.eu\/portal\/\">download data<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/uab.maps.arcgis.com\/apps\/dashboards\/84a00068ac834d428aac0fc1ebe52f47\">BCN GHG dashboard<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\"><br><br><strong>Citation:<\/strong>&nbsp;Villalba Mendez, G., Curcoll, R., Monteiro, V., 2025. Greenhouse gas observations from the metropolitan area of Barcelona by ICTA-UAB.&nbsp;<strong>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18160\/F30R-2P4J<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Monitoring Network of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (AMB) We are currently in the process of implementing a GHG monitoring network of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona (AMB), consisting of online-gas analyzers (Picarro analyzer G-2301 and G-2401) to measure the concentrations of CO2 (carbon dioxide), CH4 (methane), and CO (carbon monoxide). The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3145,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-81","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3145"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=81"}],"version-history":[{"count":37,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3420,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/81\/revisions\/3420"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=81"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}