English:<\/strong><\/p>\nRapid urbanization in urban areas is transforming natural landscapes into impervious surfaces, resulting in changes to the physical properties of these surfaces. Changes in surface physical properties impact local temperature and convection, which in turn affects air quality. Consequently, cities world-wide are implementing greening strategies to mitigate the impact of the built environment and improve air quality. The effectiveness of such strategies depends on land-use changes, urban landscapes, local geography, and climate. We use an air-quality model with an urban canopy scheme to investigate how land-use changes (urbanization, agriculture, urban parks) affect the urban climate (temperature, wind speed) and chemical processes (dry deposition, biogenic emissions), resulting in changes in air quality (NO2, O3, VOC, and PMs) for scenarios proposed by the Urban Master Plan of the Metropolitan Area of Barcelona. We find that increasing urbanization raises the surface temperature, promoting the generation of O3 (up to 8%) mostly in the evening due to the urban heat island effect. Replacing urban areas with agricultural areas or urban parks reduces local pollution through two mechanisms: 1) increased evaporation from more vegetation reduces surface temperature and, consequently, the production of secondary pollutants such as O3 (10%), and 2) increased dry deposition capacity results from the greater leaf surface area. However, NH3 and, consequently, aerosols increase (90% and 12% respectively) in response to fertilizers from agricultural practices, and urban greening intensifies the generation of O3 (5%) and SOA (4%) from biogenic VOCs. We found that irrigation increases surface moisture and promotes deposition on plant surfaces. In addition, irrigation enhances primary pollutant concentrations (8% for NO2, 10% for VOCs) and decreases the secondary pollutant O3 (6%) as a result of decreased surface temperatures. Urban greening strategies need to be combined with preventive emission reduction strategies to effectively address air quality issues and protect human health.<\/p>\n
\nCatal\u00e0:<\/strong><\/p>\nLa r\u00e0pida urbanitzaci\u00f3 en \u00e0rees urbanes est\u00e0 transformant els paisatges naturals en superf\u00edcies impermeables, provocant canvis en les propietats f\u00edsiques d\u2019aquestes superf\u00edcies. Els canvis en les propietats f\u00edsiques de la superf\u00edcie afecten la temperatura local i la convecci\u00f3, i aix\u00f2 repercuteix en la qualitat de l’aire. Com a conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncia, ciutats de tot el m\u00f3n estan implementant estrat\u00e8gies d’augment de verd per mitigar l\u2019impacte del medi constru\u00eft i millorar la qualitat de l’aire. L\u2019efectivitat d\u2019aquestes estrat\u00e8gies dep\u00e8n dels canvis en l’\u00fas del s\u00f2l, els paisatges urbans, la geografia local i el clima. Utilitzem un model de qualitat de l\u2019aire amb un esquema urb\u00e0 per investigar com els canvis en l’\u00fas del s\u00f2l (urbanitzaci\u00f3, agricultura, parcs urbans) afecten el clima urb\u00e0 (temperatura, velocitat del vent) i els processos qu\u00edmics (deposici\u00f3 seca, emissions biog\u00e8niques), donant lloc a canvis en la qualitat de l\u2019aire (NO2, O3, COV i PMs) per als escenaris proposats pel Pla Director Urban\u00edstic de l’\u00c0rea Metropolitana de Barcelona. Hem trobat que l\u2019augment de la urbanitzaci\u00f3 incrementa la temperatura de la superf\u00edcie, afavorint la generaci\u00f3 d\u2019O3 (fins a un 8%) principalment al vespre a causa de l\u2019efecte illa de calor urbana. Substituir zones urbanes per zones agr\u00edcoles o parcs urbans redueix la contaminaci\u00f3 local a trav\u00e9s de dos mecanismes: 1) l\u2019augment de l\u2019evaporaci\u00f3 per la major vegetaci\u00f3 redueix la temperatura de la superf\u00edcie i, conseq\u00fcentment, la producci\u00f3 de contaminants secundaris com l\u2019O3 (10%), i 2) la major capacitat de deposici\u00f3 seca resulta de l\u2019augment de la superf\u00edcie foliar. No obstant aix\u00f2, l\u2019NH3 i, conseq\u00fcentment, els aerosols augmenten (un 90% i un 12% respectivament) en resposta als fertilitzants de les pr\u00e0ctiques agr\u00edcoles, i el verd urb\u00e0 intensifica la generaci\u00f3 d\u2019O3 (5%) i SOA (4%) a partir dels COV biog\u00e8nics. Hem trobat que la irrigaci\u00f3 augmenta la humitat de la superf\u00edcie i afavoreix la deposici\u00f3 a les superf\u00edcies vegetals. A m\u00e9s, la irrigaci\u00f3 augmenta les concentracions de contaminants primaris (8% per al NO2, 10% per als COVs) i redueix el contaminant secundari O3 (6%) com a resultat de la disminuci\u00f3 de les temperatures superficials. Les estrat\u00e8gies d’augment de verd urb\u00e0 han de combinar-se amb estrat\u00e8gies preventives de reducci\u00f3 d\u2019emissions per abordar efica\u00e7ment els problemes de qualitat de l’aire i protegir la salut humana.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
![\"\"](\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Graphical_abs_Alba-600x299.png\")
<\/a><\/p>\nGraphical abstract<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Title: Effect of Land Use Changes on Air Quality: Impacts of Urbanization, Urban Vegetation, and Agriculture \/
\nRapid urbanization in urban areas is transforming natural landscapes into impervious surfaces, resulting in changes to the physical properties of these surfaces. Changes in surface physical properties impact local temperature and convection, which in turn affects air quality.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3153,"featured_media":1743,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[325,32,7,16,348,74,302,349,350,9,146,218,351,352,147],"class_list":["post-2776","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-general","tag-1km","tag-agriculture","tag-amb","tag-barcelona","tag-chemical-processes","tag-green","tag-greening","tag-impervious-surfaces","tag-land-use-changes","tag-no2","tag-o3","tag-pm","tag-urban-parks","tag-urbanization","tag-voc"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2776","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3153"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2776"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2776\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1743"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2776"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2776"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/atmosphere\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2776"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}