{"id":84,"date":"2017-09-27T17:30:03","date_gmt":"2017-09-27T17:30:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/4-variables\/"},"modified":"2017-09-27T17:30:03","modified_gmt":"2017-09-27T17:30:03","slug":"4-variables","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/4-variables\/","title":{"rendered":"4. Variables"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>QU\u00c8 \u00c9S UNA VARIABLE?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Les variables s\u00f3n aquelles dades que tenen caracter\u00edstiques pr\u00f2pies i que poden estar sotmeses a canvis o modificacions i les podem: estudiar, controlar o mesurar.<\/p>\n<p>En el m\u00e8tode cient\u00edfic les variables m\u00e9s importants s\u00f3n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Variables independents: <\/strong>s\u00f3n aquelles variables que tu pots controlar. \u00c9s a dir, s\u00f3n la causa d\u2019un fenomen o situaci\u00f3. Les variables independents tamb\u00e9 poden causar alteracions en els resultats podent actuar com a covariables, per aix\u00f2 cal tenir-les controlades en tot moment.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Variables dependents:<\/strong> \u00e9s all\u00f2 que NO podem controlar de manera que \u00e9s el resultat de les variables independents i per tant, se les ha de donar una explicaci\u00f3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Aquestes variables poden ser de tipus:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Variables qualitatives: <\/strong>s\u00f3n etiquetes que poden ser num\u00e8riques o no, que representen a un grup o a una categoria. Poden ser:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nominal: <\/strong>\u00e9s un atribut, un nom.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ordinal: <\/strong>\u00e9s un n\u00famero que es dona a mode de etiqueta, ja que les variables qualitatives no es poden mesurar num\u00e8ricament.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Variables quantitatives: <\/strong>s\u00f3n aquells valors num\u00e8riques que s\u00ed que es poden mesurar i pels quals t\u00e9 sentit fer aritm\u00e8tica. Poden ser:\n<ul>\n<li>&nbsp;<strong>Discretes: <\/strong>valors enters<\/li>\n<li>&nbsp;<strong>Cont\u00ednues.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><u>Exemple:<\/u> <em>Per tal d&#8217;avaluar la riquesa d&#8217;esp\u00e8cies en una paret de roca vertical en la Cala Montg\u00f3:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><em>Variables independents: <\/em><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"rteindent1\">\n<li><em>Profunditat (m): variable quantitativa continua<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Temperatura de l\u2019aigua: varibale cuantitativa continua<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Nuvolositat: variable qualitativa ordinal \u2192 0, sense n\u00favols \/ 1, \u00bc de fracci\u00f3 de cel coberta de n\u00favols \/ 2, 2\/4 de fracci\u00f3 coberta \/ 3, \u00be de fracci\u00f3 coberta \/ 4, cel totalment cobert.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Localitzaci\u00f3: variable qualitativa nominal <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><em>Variable dependent:<\/em><\/strong><em> <\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul class=\"rteindent1\">\n<li><em>Riquesa d\u2019esp\u00e8cies: variable quantitativa discreta.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>QU\u00c8 \u00c9S UNA VARIABLE? Les variables s\u00f3n aquelles dades que tenen caracter\u00edstiques pr\u00f2pies i que poden estar sotmeses a canvis o modificacions i les podem: estudiar, controlar o mesurar. En el m\u00e8tode cient\u00edfic les variables m\u00e9s importants s\u00f3n: Variables independents: s\u00f3n aquelles variables que tu pots controlar. \u00c9s a dir, s\u00f3n la causa d\u2019un fenomen [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":20,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-84","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/84","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/20"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/84\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/biologiamarina\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}