CORUS five will produce the fifth version of the U-space ConOps. The updates are needed to catch up with recent progress. The fifth edition will align with regulatory and standardisation developments, the strategic direction of research, and address some open questions. The current implementations of U-space are generating performance and interoperability requirements. UAS Traffic Management is growing around the world – good (and best) practice is emerging. SESAR and other research projects are developing U-space improvements. The European Commission has recently published “U-space 2.0” and SESAR is revising their Air Traffic Management Master Plan. Open questions remain, primarily about how to integrate UAS and manned aircraft in the same airspace.
Our research group contributes by applying its U‑space technology and advanced simulation capabilities to support the safety and performance assessment of short‑ and mid‑term U‑space deployments. We use fast‑time simulation and Monte Carlo methods to analyze a wide range of operational scenarios, enabling quantitative evaluation of capacity, efficiency, safety margins, and system behavior under uncertainty. These analyses provide evidence‑based insights to inform the evolution of the ConOps, supporting decisions on service definitions, deployment strategies, and the integration of unmanned and manned aviation in shared airspace.