{"id":237,"date":"2015-05-18T14:36:41","date_gmt":"2015-05-18T12:36:41","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/?page_id=237"},"modified":"2015-05-18T14:36:41","modified_gmt":"2015-05-18T12:36:41","slug":"setting-off-phrases","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/pagina-exemple\/punctuation\/commas\/setting-off-phrases\/","title":{"rendered":"Setting off phrases"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>If a phrase is meant to complement or introduce the main information in a sentence, it can be set off by a comma or pair of commas.<\/p>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">Knowing that some students put things off<span class=\"exemple\">,<\/span> the lecturer decided assignments should be submitted a week before the exam.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">The students in the third group<span class=\"exemple\">,<\/span> despite their best efforts<span class=\"exemple\">,<\/span> did not submit the assignment on time.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Defining relative clauses<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In relative clauses do not use commas if the clause defines the antecedent and if omitting it would radically change the meaning of the sentence.<\/p>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">Students who study here are very intelligent.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">Students who use the library are likely to be better prepared.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The above clauses define the type of students referred to.<\/p>\n<p>In defining clauses that do not refer to people use either <em>which<\/em> or <em>that<\/em>.<\/p>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">The research was conducted with <span class=\"exemple\">materials which<\/span> were easily obtained.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">The research was conducted with <span class=\"exemple\">materials that<\/span> were easily obtained.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>The above clauses define the type of materials referred to.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Non-defining relative clauses<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sentences with non-defining relative clauses need commas because the clause adds information to an otherwise complete sentence.<\/p>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">Students at that university<span class=\"exemple\">,<\/span> who were all admitted with academic scholarships<span class=\"exemple\">,<\/span> have to work very hard.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>In non-defining clauses, only use <em>which<\/em> or <em>who<\/em>.<\/p>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">The research, <span class=\"exemple\">which<\/span> was done over a period of three years, was conducted with easily obtained materials.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>In the following two sentences, which are both correct, the comma makes a difference. In the first, Dr Smith researches only those additives that pose a risk; in the second, the implication is that all food additives pose a risk.<\/p>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">Dr Smith researches food additives which pose a risk to human health.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<table class=\"tipsExemple tipsCorrecte\" summary=\"Taula amb exemples\">\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra mida26px\" valign=\"top\"><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft  wp-image-80\" src=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/files\/2015\/04\/Small_OK.jpg\" alt=\"Small_OK\" width=\"19\" height=\"19\" \/><\/a><\/td>\n<td class=\"tipsEsquerra\" valign=\"middle\">Dr Smith researches food additives, which pose a risk to human health.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/pagina-exemple\/punctuation\/commas\/\">Back to Commas<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/pagina-exemple\/punctuation\/\">Back to Punctuation<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/blogs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/pagina-exemple\/\">Back to Content<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>If a phrase is meant to complement or introduce the main information in a sentence, it can be set off by a comma or pair of commas. Knowing that some students put things off, the lecturer decided assignments should be submitted a week before the exam. The students in the third group, despite their best [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":0,"parent":145,"menu_order":3,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-237","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/237","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/59"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=237"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/237\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/145"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/manualdestilinteruniversitari\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=237"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}