{"id":389,"date":"2024-12-11T12:48:48","date_gmt":"2024-12-11T10:48:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/?page_id=389"},"modified":"2025-07-28T12:38:52","modified_gmt":"2025-07-28T10:38:52","slug":"document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/","title":{"rendered":"Document 3: Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image is-style-rounded\">\n<figure class=\"alignleft size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"354\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1104\" style=\"aspect-ratio:16\/9;object-fit:cover;width:100px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png 354w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA-300x254.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 354px) 100vw, 354px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"has-gris-londres-background-color has-background has-small-font-size\">Apianus, Petrus; Gemma Frisius. <em>Cosmographia, sive Descriptio universi orbis<\/em>. Antuerpiae : ex officina Ioanni VVithagii, 1584. [<a href=\"http:\/\/bdh.bne.es\/bnesearch\/detalle\/bdh0000000153\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Col\u00b7lecci\u00f3 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Espanya<\/a>]<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Els coneixements astron\u00f2mics van ser molt importants per al desenvolupament dels instruments de navegaci\u00f3 i el posicionament geogr\u00e0fic. Un dels primers estudiosos en aplicar les matem\u00e0tiques a l&#8217;estudi astron\u00f2mic i al de la forma de la Terra va ser Petrus Apianus, que va realitzar un compendi general del saber de l&#8217;\u00e8poca en obres com la <em>Cosmographia<\/em>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A tall d&#8217;exemple, podem trobar l&#8217;explicaci\u00f3 sobre l&#8217;\u00fas de la ballesta. La ballesta \u00e9s un instrument n\u00e0utic que es remunta al segle XIV, utilitzat per calcular l&#8217;al\u00e7ada del sol i altres astres amb relaci\u00f3 a l&#8217;horitz\u00f3. Est\u00e0 composta per una vara graduada de fusta, sobre la qual llisca una altra vara transversal m\u00e9s petita. L&#8217;\u00fas consistia a observar l&#8217;horitz\u00f3 a trav\u00e9s de la fletxa, que funcionava com a visor, mentre s&#8217;alineava l&#8217;extrem superior de la sonalla amb l&#8217;astre desitjat. Marins espanyols i portuguesos van emprar aquest dispositiu principalment per determinar la latitud, mesurant l&#8217;al\u00e7ada de l&#8217;estrella polar sobre l&#8217;horitz\u00f3. La ballesta va ser l&#8217;instrument m\u00e9s prec\u00eds del seu temps. Tamb\u00e9 se la coneixia com a b\u00e0cul de Jacob, en refer\u00e8ncia al seu creador, Jacob Ben Fakir.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"798\" src=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554-1024x798.jpg\" alt=\"Gravat de l'observaci\u00f3 d'una dist\u00e0ncia lunar amb ballesta a la Cosmographia d'Apianus. 1584.\" class=\"wp-image-352\" srcset=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554-1024x798.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554-300x234.jpg 300w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554-768x599.jpg 768w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554-1536x1197.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554-2048x1596.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554-1200x935.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/10\/observacio-amb-ballesta-scaled-e1728896324554-1980x1543.jpg 1980w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Observaci\u00f3 d&#8217;una dist\u00e0ncia lunar amb la ballesta.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Apianus, Petrus; Gemma Frisius. Cosmographia, sive Descriptio universi orbis. Antuerpiae : ex officina Ioanni VVithagii, 1584. [Col\u00b7lecci\u00f3 de la Biblioteca Nacional de Espanya] Els coneixements astron\u00f2mics van ser molt importants per al desenvolupament dels instruments de navegaci\u00f3 i el posicionament geogr\u00e0fic. Un dels primers estudiosos en aplicar les matem\u00e0tiques a l&#8217;estudi astron\u00f2mic i al de [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1605,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-389","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Cosmographia de Petrus Apianus - TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus, \u00e9s un tractat de coneixements astron\u00f2mics que mostra la rellev\u00e0ncia d&#039;aquests estudis al s.XVI.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ca_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cosmographia de Petrus Apianus - TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus, \u00e9s un tractat de coneixements astron\u00f2mics que mostra la rellev\u00e0ncia d&#039;aquests estudis al s.XVI.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-07-28T10:38:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"354\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"300\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Temps estimat de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"2 minuts\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/\",\"name\":\"Cosmographia de Petrus Apianus - TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2024-12-11T10:48:48+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-07-28T10:38:52+00:00\",\"description\":\"La Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus, \u00e9s un tractat de coneixements astron\u00f2mics que mostra la rellev\u00e0ncia d'aquests estudis al s.XVI.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"ca\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png\",\"width\":354,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"Unitat de Cartografia\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Inici\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Document 3: Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/\",\"name\":\"TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"ca\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Cosmographia de Petrus Apianus - TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA","description":"La Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus, \u00e9s un tractat de coneixements astron\u00f2mics que mostra la rellev\u00e0ncia d'aquests estudis al s.XVI.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/","og_locale":"ca_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"Cosmographia de Petrus Apianus - TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA","og_description":"La Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus, \u00e9s un tractat de coneixements astron\u00f2mics que mostra la rellev\u00e0ncia d'aquests estudis al s.XVI.","og_url":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/","og_site_name":"TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA","article_modified_time":"2025-07-28T10:38:52+00:00","og_image":[{"width":354,"height":300,"url":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Temps estimat de lectura":"2 minuts"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/","url":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/","name":"Cosmographia de Petrus Apianus - TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png","datePublished":"2024-12-11T10:48:48+00:00","dateModified":"2025-07-28T10:38:52+00:00","description":"La Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus, \u00e9s un tractat de coneixements astron\u00f2mics que mostra la rellev\u00e0ncia d'aquests estudis al s.XVI.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"ca","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"ca","@id":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/585\/2024\/12\/TOP-CARTOGRAFIA.png","width":354,"height":300,"caption":"Unitat de Cartografia"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/document-3-cosmographia-de-petrus-apianus\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Inici","item":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Document 3: Cosmographia, de Petrus Apianus"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/#website","url":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/","name":"TOCAR LA HIST\u00d2RIA","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"ca"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/389","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1605"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=389"}],"version-history":[{"count":8,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/389\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1935,"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/389\/revisions\/1935"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/webs.uab.cat\/tocarlahistoria\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=389"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}