op. 13.3.1 De signis
data: script. 1267 vel postea (partim op. 13.3, cap. II) [Fredborg-Nielsen-Pinborg (1978), 79; Maloney (2013), 2.] “The De signis is a genuine work by Bacon, containing the same material as that which was included in the missing part of the Opus maius [sc. op. 13.3, cap. 2, según la interpretación de Maloney (2013)] according to Bacon’s own summaries [sc. op. 15, cap. 27, ed. Brewer (1859), 100-102: “Post haec addidi… ex serie sui tractatus”]. It was problably written in 1267 and alludes to Clement IV to whom the Opus maius was dedicated. We find it diffucult not to assume that the De signis is the missing chapter of the Opus maius. Unfortunately the De signis is incomplete. It breaks off abruptly in the middle of a discussion on redundant constructions (nugationes) under the heading ‘De significatis dictionum in oratione’. Under this heading a section on the suppositiones was probably added, to which Bacon refers several times. The De signis itself does not offer any further clues as to how much else was disappeared. From the summary in the Opus tertium [op. 15, cap. 27] we can conclude that we lack at least the whole application of the theory of sings to theology” (Fredborg-Nielsen-Pinborg (1978), 79-80).
Falta el final (incompleto)
editiones
Fredborg-Nielsen-Pinborg (1978)
manuscripti
translationes
Ingl. Maloney (2013)
Continentur
inc. Ed. Fredborg-Nielsen-Pinborg (1978) [Los títulos de los apartados pertenecen a Maloney (2013)]
I [Sings and Ways of Signifying] (1-15): Signum est in praedicamento relationis et dicitur essentialiter ad illud cui significat, quoniam illud ponit in actu cum ipsum signum sit in actu…
II.1 [Linguistic Sings: Imposition and Unintended Signification] (16-18): Postquam iam habemus quod sunt genera signorum videndum est de signis quae significant ad placitum, quae sunt voces linguarum et idiomatum de quibus est intentio principalis…
II.2 [Things That Can Be Named] (19-26): Quod si vox comparata ad suam speciem exclusa impositione sit signum naturale et nullo modo datum ab anima, tunc facta eius impositione videndum est quomodo significat et qualiter est signum…
II.3 [Words as Names of Themselves] (27-35): Potest etiam vox significare animam ipsam et ea quae sunt apud eam, cuiusmodi sunt potentiae, habitus, passiones, species rerum, scientiae et artes et omnia propter rationes dictas in communi…
III.1 [Five Modes of Equivocation] (36-46): Postquam habitum est quod vox potest ens et non ens significare oportet scire quod duo sunt modi significandi principales, unus facit univocationem…
III.2 [Words Signifying Equivocally as Nouns and Adjectives] (47-80): Et quamvis posita sunt exempla de his modis, tamen reperiuntur talia quorum veritas non ab omnibus avertitur. Dictum est…
III.3 [Words Equivocating in All Five Modes of Equivocation] (81-88): Notandum etiam circa praedicta quod non solum sunt sigula exempla iuxta modos singulos,
III.4 [Ampliation and Restriction Understood as Equivocal Reimpositions] (89-99): Adhuc etiam intelligendum est quod notablis diversitas aequivocationis accidit penes adiunctum et secundum quod dicimus praedictam ampliare subiectum…
III.5 [Secondary Signification: A New Kind of Analogical Signification] (100-133): Ulterius autem sciendum quod modi analogiae sunt quattuor modi primi aequivocationis. Ubicumque enim est diversitas significandi secundarii ad primum…
IV.1 [Can a Being and a Nonbeing Be Named Univocally?] (134-142): Postquam ita haec se habent circa aequivocationem et univocationem et analogiam, expedit mutum considerare an terminus [an] aliquid affirmativum et positivum significans possit univoce significare aliquid commune enti…
IV.2 [Can a Sing Lose Its Signification?] (143-153): Est autem prae manibus alia difficultas, quae est annexa praedictae scilicet de continuitate significationis dictionis, utrum de necessitate nota [quod non poterit fieri non significat] remaneat dictio significativa…
IV.3 [Vocal and Tacit Imposition] (154-161): Ad horu ergo evidentiam potest quaeri de modo imponendi duplici an sit, ut tactum est (§35), et dicendum quod sic. Unde unus est modus imponendi sub forma impositionis vocaliter expressa et assignata rei sicut imponuntur nomina infantibus et aliis rebus…
V [Things and Their Mental Representations as Targets of Naming] (162-169): His igitur habitis sequitur consideratio de vocum extra orationem significatis, et est difficilis dubitatio utrum vox significet species apud animam an res, et quomodo potest significare species et habitus et conceptus mentis…
VI [Redundant Expressions] (170-173): Habito de significatis dictionum extra orationem sequitur inquirere de significatis dictionum in oratione et post in oratione perfecta. Et contigit…
expl. Si ergo obiciatur quod illud, quod semel exponitur, non amplius intelligitur per Aristotelem in Elenchis dicendum est quod dupliciter intelligitur aliquid ab alio.. (falta el final)
[autor: Óscar de la Cruz – actualizado el 3.7.2020]