When you join two complete sentences into a single sentence, you can use commas but follow them with a suitable connecting word: and, or, but, while or yet.

Small_OK The group members had to hand in their reports last week, but some were only submitted this week.

The comma is not required if the subject of the second part of the sentence is omitted or if the conjunction used is and or or.

Small_OK The student had to hand in the work by Friday but didn’t make the deadline.
Small_OK The student had to hand in the work by Friday or the work would receive a failing mark.

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